12/16/2023 0 Comments Growing up poor in america questions![]() Finally, in Section VII, I conclude with emerging research questions. In Section VII, I argue that providing economic benefits to poor families and investing early on in children’s human capital may be more effective if paired with investments in the communities in which poor families live. Section VI briefly reviews anti-poverty policies that aim to reduce the rate of child poverty and early childhood interventions that aim to limit its effects. In Section V, I describe three pathways through which poverty exerts its effects on children: resources, culture, and stress. I discuss new types of data and approaches to the study of child poverty that have uncovered nuance in the impact of child poverty. In Section IV, I review literature on the impact of child poverty educational outcomes and child health. Section III offers a descriptive portrait of what child poverty looks like in America today. ![]() In Section II, I begin by describing how researchers define and measure poverty. Together, this work tells two stories: One narrative warns of the long-term negative impacts associated with child poverty, but the other offers hope of resilience through policies and programs designed to reduce child poverty and mitigate its damages. In this article, I review the latest research on child poverty across multiple social and behavioral science disciplines. High rates of child poverty, income inequality, and social immobility motivate a sense of urgency and importance in research and policy focused on poor children and their families. 2008) and have remained unchanged since 1979 ( Lee & Solon 2009). Rates of social mobility are lower in the United States than most continental European countries ( Bjorklund & Jantti 2009 Duncan & Murnane 2011, pg. What’s more, children from impoverished backgrounds in the US have a tougher time getting out of poverty than children in other similarly developed countries. Income inequality has grown substantially in the last forty years after decades of decline, income inequality now harkens back to levels similar to those during the Great Depression ( Piketty & Saez 2014). Poor children in the US face a widening economic chasm between themselves and their more affluent peers ( Autor 2014). These figures position the US second only to Romania in rankings of child poverty rates among 35 industrialized countries ( Adamson 2012). Rates are even higher for the youngest children: 25% of children under age 3 are poor ( Jiang et al. ![]() This is because the experience of poverty poses many challenges for children.In 2014, 15.5 million children-or 21.1% of children under age 18-lived in families with incomes below the federal poverty line, making children the largest group of poor people in the United States ( DeNavas-Walt & Proctor 2015). Poverty is associated with lower levels of academic achievement and educational attainment for children.During the early years, malnutrition can result in failure to thrive and developmental problems diabetes, obesity) as well as mental health issues. Children living in food insecure households and communities may suffer from inadequate nutrition which can contribute to physical health problems (e.g.Children from low-income families also have less financial resources to draw upon in times of need and crisis Children who live in poverty typically have low levels of access to health care services and other social supports which are critical for promoting good health and managing and treating health conditions.There is evidence that children living in poverty experience worse health outcomes child poverty also contributes to poor health outcomes during adulthood. In general, poverty is widely understood to be a risk factor for many health conditions, so much so that physicians are now encouraged to screen patients for poverty in order to better respond to health concerns.For this reason, poverty has been described by some researchers as an adverse childhood experience (ACE) ![]() The effects of stress and other social conditions of poverty also can increase the risk of children developing mental health issues and behavioural problems. This effect is sometimes referred to as toxic stress. Chronic or prolonged stress, such as the stress experienced by those who live in extreme poverty, can negatively impact early brain development, potentially resulting in cognitive impairment and other long-term consequences for children.Poverty can negatively impact child health, child well-being, and child development in the following ways: ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |